There are many different types of shoulder pain, and the causes can be from an injury, repetitive movement or disease (such as arthritis). Shoulder surgeons are often consulted when the pain becomes unbearable, and can no longer be managed with pain medication or physical therapy. A common cause of chronic pain includes rotator cuff tears. If left untreated, the condition can worsen over time and cause immense discomfort, limit day-to-day activities and lessen the quality of life.
What is a Rotator Cuff?
This is a tendon which are comprised of four muscles. These muscles form a 'cuff' over the upper arm, also known as head of the humerus. Together with the 'wing bone', these muscles form a single tendon. The rotator cuff is extremely flexible and helps rotate and lift the arm, and also helps to stabilize the ball of the shoulder.
What is a Rotator Cuff Tear?
A tear can occur as the result of injury, a fall, or repetitive movements over a long period of time. Normal wear and tear is common in those over the age of 40. Typically, a tear results in pain at the front of the shoulder and radiates down the arm. This pain can increase when the shoulder is lifted, when reaching, lifting, or lifting the arm overhead. Some people experience weakness in the arm and have trouble sleeping on the affected side.
When Should You Seek Treatment?
The best time to seek treatment is as soon as you start experiencing pain or discomfort, or right after your injury. Your doctor will perform a series of physical examinations and tests to determine the extent of the damage and will recommend the appropriate treatment. Usually, the first series of treatments include pain medication and/or physical therapy. If the cause is of a degenerative nature, than regular tests will be needed to keep a close eye on the degree and swiftness of the degeneration. A rotator cuff tear can worsen and get larger over time, especially if it is constant use.
When is Surgery Necessary?
Typically, surgery becomes necessary when pain medication, anti-inflammatory or physical therapy no longer helps relieve pain. When your day-to-day activities become more difficult and you have trouble sleeping, your doctor may refer you to a specialist for surgery. If you use your arm regularly for reaching, lifting, sports, etc. surgery may be your only option, as many tears cannot be repaired with other methods. Your doctor will refer you to a specialist who will explain which surgical procedure is best for you.
After your surgery, rehabilitation will be needed. The length and intensity will depend on the severity of your condition, but generally at least six to eight weeks of physical therapy is needed. Both your specialist and your family doctor will be able to recommend a program that will fit your needs and requirements. It's important to follow their advice and participate in the rehabilitation program so you can get full range of motion back in your arm and shoulder. Shoulder surgeons can also recommend and prescribe pain medication while you're recovering.